![]() AS produces different RNA isoforms thereby enhancing the complexity of genic output and possibly the repertoire of responses to different environmental conditions ( Laloum et al., 2018 Chaudhary et al., 2019 Punzo et al., 2020). One mechanism that contributes to these adaptive properties is alternative splicing (AS). Hence, with rising temperatures on hot summer days, SR45a RNA isoforms in maize are produced with the capability to encode proteins with greater RNA splicing potential.Īs sessile organisms, plants face changing environmental conditions for which they have evolved mechanisms to enhance gene expression plasticity and proteome diversity. With the RNA splicing assay, we also defined the exonic splicing enhancers that the splicing-efficient SR45a forms utilize to aid in the splicing of model substrates. We established an “in protoplast” RNA splicing assay to show that during the afternoon on simulated hot summer days, SR45a RNA isoforms were produced with the potential to encode proteins efficient in splicing model substrates. Under controlled environmental conditions, daily changes in temperature comparable to field conditions altered the abundance of different RNA isoforms, including the RNAs encoding the splicing regulator SR45a, a member of the SR45 gene family. Genes encoding regulators of alternative RNA splicing were themselves among the principal AS targets in maize. ![]() The genes most frequently targeted by increased AS with temperature encode factors involved in RNA processing and plant development. Increases in maximum daily temperature elevated the frequency of the major modes of alternative splices (AS), in particular retained introns and skipped exons. Alternative RNA splicing generates multiple RNA isoforms for many maize genes, and here we observed changes in the pattern of RNA isoforms with temperature changes. Elevated temperatures enhance alternative RNA splicing in maize ( Zea mays) with the potential to expand the repertoire of plant responses to heat stress.
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